纳米固体超强酸SO42-/ZnO催化合成乙酸异戊酯的研究

本文利用纳米固体超强酸SO4^2-/ZnO催化合成乙酸异戊酯的最佳反应条件,既反应时间2.0h,催化剂用量为酸质量的1.0%,酸醇比为1∶2,验证实验产率为96.7%,且该实验反应时间短,无腐蚀无污染,催化剂可回收可重复利用.     

新型[^99TcN]^2＋核含吗啡啉类氨荒酸盐配合物的初步研究

采用了SnCl2·2H2O为还原剂,丁二酰二酰肼(SDH)为N3-离子提供体,在室温下制备[99mTcN]2+中间体,然后与2-(4-吗啡啉代)乙基氨荒酸盐(MPEDTC)发生配体交换反应得到放射化学纯度大于90%的99mTcN-MPEDTC配合物.该配合物是一种体外稳定性良好的脂溶性电中性物质.小鼠体内生物分布结果表明:99mTcN-MPEDTC配合物在小鼠心肌和脑中摄取量均不高,且靶与非靶比值偏低,不适合作为心脑显像剂,为寻求新型心脑显像剂,该配合物的结构需要进一步修饰.     

反相HPLC色谱法测定盐芥和菠菜中的甜菜碱含量

本实验利用反相HPLC色谱法测定了盐芥和菠菜中的甜菜碱含量，实验分别以菠菜和盐芥的叶组织为材料，用去离子水提取甜菜碱．提取液经浓缩后依次通过阳离子交换树脂柱和阴离子交换树脂柱进行纯化，用NH4OH洗脱阳离子交换树脂柱，洗脱液收集浓缩干后用磷酸盐流动相溶解．样品用C18反相色谱柱进行分离，流动相为50nmol／L的KH2PO4溶液(pH4．56)，色谱条件为0．7ml/min。192nm波长测定；此色谱条件能使甜菜碱与其它组分很好的分离，甜菜碱加样回收率达到90％-98％．经测定。盐芥叶片中的甜菜碱含量为1．367mg/g，菠菜叶片中的甜菜碱含量为1．656mg/g．     

新型固体超强酸S2O82-/TiO2的酯催化性能研究

利用低温方法制备了S2O82-/TiO2固体超强酸催化剂,研究了该催化剂在乙酸和异戊醇酯化反应中的催化活性和稳定性.观察了焙烧温度、（NH4）2S2O8溶液浸渍浓度对催化剂催化性能的影响,以及催化剂用量、醇酸比、反应时间、反应温度等因素对酯化率的影响.结果表明：在450～500℃焙烧和用1.00mol/L的（NH4）2S2O8浸渍所得的S2O82-/TiO2对酯化反应具有良好的催化活性,反应的最佳醇酸摩尔比为1.2：1,催化剂用量为反应物料总量的1.0%,反应时间1.5h,反应温度110～120℃,酯化率可达95%.     

Chemical composition of decomposing stumps in successive rotation of Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook.） plantations

Decomposition of stumps in successive rotation of Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook.） plantations was studied using a chronosequenee approach. The results showed that decomposition rate constant of Chinese fir stump was 0.02695 as calculated from Olson＇s model. The N content of stump increased during the first two-year decomposition. When the dead stump C/N ratio was 463.2 ± 27.3, the stumps started to release N. The pattern of P release was similar to that for N. However, K content of stumps showed a consistent declining trend over time during the whole decomposition. ^13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with cross polarization and magic-angle spinning （^13C CPMAS-NMR） was used to analyse organic carbon （C） components in decomposing stumps. The ^13C CPMAS-NMR spectra of stumps displayed that stump was dominated by cellulose and hemieellulose. The spectra also showed the accumulation of intensity in alkyl C, aromatic C, and earboxyl C spectral regions, which was expected as the labile cellulose and hemieellulose components in O-alkyl C spectral region were selectively decomposed first.     

Polarization of immunity induced by direct injection of naked sequence-stabilized mRNA vaccines

In the context of developing a safe genetic vaccination strategy we tested and studied globin-stabilized mRNA-based vaccination in mice. This vaccination strategy has the advantages of genetic vaccination (easy production, adaptability to any disease and inexpensive storage when lyophilized), but not the drawbacks of DNA vaccination (long-term uncontrolled expression of a transgene, possibility of integration into the host genome and possible induction of anti-DNA antibodies). We report here that injection of naked -globin untranslated region (UTR)-stabilized mRNA coding for -galactosidase is followed by detectable translation in vivo. In addition, we show that such a vaccination strategy primes a T helper 2 (Th2) type of response which can be enhanced and shifted to a Th1-type immune response by application of recombinant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 day after mRNA injection. Our data demonstrate that the administration of globin UTR-stabilized mRNA is a versatile vaccination strategy that can be manipulated to fit the requirement of antiviral, antibacterial or antitumor immunity.Received 14 June 2004; received after revision 19 July 2004; accepted 9 August 2004     

Peat record reflecting Holocene climatic change in the Zoigê Plateau and AMS radiocarbon dating

Through the use of reliable AMS dating of high resolution (15–30 years) peat and the establishment of monsoon climate proxies sequence, we have been able to recognize several cold, dry events in the Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene. The more obvious ones occurred around 12800, 11300, 10200, 9580, 8900, 6400, 4400, 3700, 2800 and 1500 cal. aBP. These events correlate well with both ice rafting events recorded in high latitude North Atlantic Ocean sediment cores and cooling events in the low latitude SST. Spectral analysis indicates high frequency climate variation on centennial-millennial time scale during the Holocene. This further reflects Holocene climate instability and the existence of centennial-millenium scale rhythm in mid latitude areas as well.     

三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂化学结构及反应过程的13C-NMR研究

通过13C-NMR可以很好地解析采用传统工艺(碱-酸-碱工艺)合成三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂反应过程中的结构变化,并可推测其发生的反应.结构分析表明:在保温反应开始阶段,尿素与甲醛之间的反应主要为加成反应,产物以一羟甲脲和二羟甲脲为主,并有少量三羟甲脲生成;三聚氰胺与甲醛的加成反应产物为一羟甲基三聚氰胺和二羟甲基三聚羟胺;缩聚反应已经发生,一羟甲脲,一羟甲基三聚氰胺,一羟甲脲与一羟甲基三聚氰胺间的缩聚反应已经开始,分子间以醚键和次甲基键连接为主.保温反应结束直到整个反应结束,缩聚反应为主要反应类型,三聚氯胺改性脲醛树脂中存在着3种反应体系:尿素甲醛的反应体系、三聚氰胺甲醛反应体系和三聚氯铵尿素甲醛共缩合反应体系.     

大亚湾海域马尾藻对放射性核素110mAg 迁移转化的数值模拟

应用潮波方程和扩散方程计算出放射性核素110 mAg在大亚湾的浓度分布,使用库室模型描述海洋生态系统动力学微分方程组,建立了海洋生物库室简化模型,得出大亚湾海域马尾藻对放射性核素110 mAg的迁移转化在各网格处达到动态平衡时的浓度规律. 模拟结果与实测数据基本一致,说明模型的建立及参数的选取是恰当的. 该方法为预测核电站废水排放中放射性核素的对海洋生物的影响提供了科学依据.     

逆高斯分布的Pearson-χ~2距离及其渐近性

利用Pearson-Х^2最大距离的定义，讨论了逆高斯分布的Pearson-Х^2最大距离及其渐近性．